Types of Lathe Drivers, Merits and Demerits in ITI Turner Trade

In the ITI Turner trade, machining accuracy largely depends on proper holding and driving of the workpiece. When a job is mounted between centers on a lathe machine, it cannot rotate independently. A lathe driver (lathe dog) is used along with a driving plate to transmit motion from the spindle to the workpiece. This chapter explains the types of lathe drivers along with their merits and demerits.

Introduction to Lathe Driver

A lathe driver is a device used to rotate the workpiece when it is held between centers. It is clamped to the workpiece and engages with the slot of a driving plate fixed on the spindle.

Lathe drivers are essential for operations such as turning, facing, and threading when high accuracy is required.

Working Principle

The lathe driver is attached to the workpiece, and its tail fits into the slot of the driving plate. When the spindle rotates, the driving plate rotates, which in turn rotates the lathe driver and the workpiece.

Types of Lathe Drivers

1. Straight Tail Lathe Dog

This is the most commonly used lathe driver. It has a straight tail that fits into the slot of the driving plate.

• Simple in design
• Suitable for general work

2. Bent Tail Lathe Dog

The tail of this driver is bent, providing clearance from the workpiece or machine parts.

• Used where space is limited
• Reduces interference

3. Clamp Type Lathe Dog

This type uses a clamping screw to hold the workpiece firmly. It is suitable for delicate or finished surfaces.

• Provides strong grip
• Reduces damage to workpiece

4. Safety Lathe Dog

This type is designed to enhance safety by covering the tail or reducing exposed parts.

• Minimizes risk of accidents
• Safer for high-speed operations

5. Adjustable Lathe Dog

This type can be adjusted to fit different diameters of workpieces.

• Versatile
• Suitable for different sizes

Driving Plate

The driving plate is mounted on the spindle and has slots to accommodate the tail of the lathe driver. It works together with the lathe dog to rotate the workpiece.

Merits of Lathe Drivers

• Ensures accurate rotation of the workpiece
• Provides strong and reliable grip
• Suitable for precision machining
• Simple construction and easy to use
• Cost-effective and widely available

Demerits of Lathe Drivers

• Time required for setting and alignment
• Risk of injury due to exposed rotating parts
• Limited to work held between centers
• May damage workpiece if not properly clamped

Precautions While Using Lathe Drivers

• Ensure proper tightening of the driver
• Check alignment before starting the machine
• Use safety guards if available
• Avoid loose clothing and accessories
• Stop the machine before making adjustments

Maintenance of Lathe Drivers

• Keep clean and free from dirt
• Lubricate moving parts regularly
• Inspect for wear or damage
• Store properly after use

Applications in Turner Workshop

Lathe drivers are used in turning operations where the workpiece is supported between centers. They are commonly used for machining shafts, rods, and precision components.

Different types of drivers are selected based on the size, shape, and nature of the workpiece.

Importance in Machining

Lathe drivers play a key role in ensuring uniform rotation and accurate machining. They help maintain alignment and improve the quality of finished products.

Conclusion

Lathe drivers are essential accessories in the ITI Turner trade. Understanding their types, merits, and demerits helps trainees use them effectively and safely.

Proper handling, correct selection, and regular maintenance of lathe drivers ensure better performance and accuracy in machining operations.

In conclusion, mastering the use of lathe drivers is important for achieving high-quality and precise results in the workshop.